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Prescribing Pharmacists: A Decision Maker Emerges

In five years pharmacists will be prescribing in at least six states in five years, creating a trend that will spread to many other states in following years. The state of Florida allows some independing prescribing off an approved list, and many states allow prescription choice from a physicians diagnosis. The cost of copays and the time spent on doctor visits will increase demand for drug decisions to be made at the pharmacist level.

This report, Prescribing Pharmacists, a Decision Maker Emerges details the reasons behind this change and defines the roles of the new decision makers that pharmaceutical companies will have to incorporate into strategy.In the U.S. healthcare market the role of the pharmacist is changing. This report details the tremendous transformation occuring.

As this report details, pharmacists already have a huge impact on drug revenues, and companies that do not develop a marketing strategy involving this important decision maker will lose advantage in the coming years. Pharmacists are moving from their role dispensing medications based on phsyician instructions, to prescribing based on physician diagnosis, to independent prescribing in some limited situations.

• The States Most Likely to allow independent prescription in five years, and what states will follow.
• The amount of drug revenues currently influenced by pharmacists, and forecasts to 2012.
• The therapeutic areas most likely to see pharmacist influence.
• Main drivers of the prescribing pharmacist trend.
• Overview of state of Florida and Federal programs that already allow pharmacist prescription authority.
• Useful background on the populations of pharmacists by area, their training pharmacists, and their role in drug purchases
• Details on drug interactions and pharmacist role in reducing prescription errors
• Extensive statistics on the U.S. health insurance trends that are driving prescribing trends
• Review of cooperative therapy management programs already allowing pharmacists some prescriptive authority and how they operate in 43 states
• Review of international pharmacy programs that allow prescriptive authority

This report is essential reading for anyone seeking to develop a marketing plan that addresses the increasing influence of pharmacists, and to be aware of and ready for their increasing direct control over prescriptions.

Kalorama's methodology involves a thorough search of government and company literature; but true insights come from interviews with company executives, members of state pharmacy boards, pharmacists and physicians. Over 200 of these individuals were interviewed for this report.

Marketing and business development directors in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as financial companies looking at broad trends in healthcare are among those who will benefit from this report.

Table of Contents

Chapter One: Executive Summary

• Scope and Methodology
• Markets - Pharmacists Impact
• The Prescribing Pharmacist
• Main Drivers For Increased Pharmacist Prescription Authority
• Issues and Trends Shaping the Industry
• Methodology

Chapter Two: Introduction

• History and Description
• Role of the US Pharmacist
• Role in Distributing Controlled Substances
• Variations in Prescribing Authority
• Pharmacists Statistics
• Overview
• Earnings and Distribution by Employment Type
• State Concentrations
• Training and Certification

Chapter Three: Issues and Trends Shaping the Industry

• US Healthcare Expenditures
• Rising Healthcare Costs and Health Insurance Trends
• Pharmaceutical Trends
• Units Sales and Revenues of Top Branded Drugs
• Population Growth and the Existing Need
• Medication Safety
• Medication Errors
• Reducing Errors in Hospitals
• Drug Interactions
• Interactions and the Evolving Pharmaceutical Industry
• Prescribing Trends of Select Federal Programs
• State Comparison of Collaborative Practice
• Hospital Case Studies and Collaborative Drug Therapy Management
• HCA Hospitals
• Barriers to Collaborative Practice
• International Trends
• England
• Scotland
• Wales
• Northern Ireland
• Canada
• Japan
• Australia

Chapter Four: Pharmacist Impact on
Pharmaceutical Markets

• Overview
• The Pharmacist Influence
• Influencing Drug Choice
• Influencing Drug Dosage, Administration, or Other Therapy Aspects
• Therapeutic Areas Most Influenced
• chapter Five: The Emerging Prescribing Pharmacist
• Differing Views on Increasing Roles of the Pharmacist
• Physicians’ View on Increasing Involvement in Prescribing
• Pharmacists’ View on Increasing Involvement in Prescribing
• States Most Likely to Implement Independent Prescribing
• Market Impact

APPENDIX: Nationwide Boards of Pharmacy

 

table of exhibits

 

Chapter One: Executive Summary

• Figure� 1-1: Declining Drug Purchases Not Influenced ByPharmacist 2006-2012
• Table 1-1: Pharmacists Influence in Drug Selection and/or TherapyAspect: 2006 and 2012
• Figure 1-2: Pharmacists Influence in Drug Selection and/or DrugAspect, 2006 and 2012

Chapter Two: Introduction

• Table 2-1: Examples of Controlled Substances by Schedule
• Table 2-2: Number of Pharmacists in the Workforce 2004-2006
• Table 2-3: 2004 Median Annual Income Levels for U.S. Pharmacists
• Figure 2-1: 2004 Median Annual Income Levels for U.S. Pharmacists
• Table 2-4: 2005 Leading Employment Areas and Income Statistics for U.S.Pharmacists
• Table 2-5: 2006 Leading Employment Areas and Income Statistics for U.S.Pharmacists
• Figure 2-2: Number of Pharmacists (2005/2006) in Leading EmploymentAreas in the U.S.
• Figure 2-3: Mean Level of Income (2005/2006) for Leading Employment Areasin the U.S.
• Table 2-6: Pharmacist Concentrations for the Top Five States in 2006
• Figure 2-4: Pharmacist Concentrations for the Top Five States in 2006
• Table 2-7: Pharmacist Concentrations for the Top Five U.S. MetropolitanAreas in 2006
• Figure 2-5: Pharmacist Concentrations for the Top Five U.S. MetropolitanAreas in 2006
• Table 2-8: Number of Pharmacists Employed in all U.S. States,District of Columbia and U.S. Territories in 2006
• Figure 2-6: Top 20 States with the Most Pharmacists in the Workforce in 2006Table 2-9: Accredited Pharmacy Education Centers by State

Chapter ThreE: Issues and Trends Shaping the Industry

• Table 3-1: U.S. Prescription and Total Healthcare Expenditures 1995,2000, and 2005
• Figure 3-1: U.S. Prescription and Total Healthcare Expenditures1995, 2000, and 2005
• Table 3-2: Percent Insured in the U.S. by Income Level
• Figure 3-2: Percent Insured in the U.S. by Income Level
• Table 3-3: Health Insurance Trends in the United States 2003-2005
• Figure 3-3: Number Insured in the United States 2003-2005
• Table 3-4: Retail Pharmaceutical Sales in the U.S. 1995, 2000 and 2004
• Figure 3-4: Distribution of Retail Pharmaceutical Sales from 1995, 2000and 2004
• Table 3-5: Top Ten Prescribed Branded Drugs by Estimated Unit Salesin the U.S.
• Table 3-5: Top Ten Prescribed Branded Drugs by Estimated Unit Sales inthe U.S.
• Table 3-6: Top Ten Prescribed Branded Drugs and U.S. Revenues
• Figure 3-6: Top Ten Prescribed Branded Drugs and U.S. Revenues
• Table 3-7: Top Ten Prescribed Branded Drugs and Worldwide Revenues
• Figure 3-7: Top Ten Prescribed Branded Drugs and Worldwide Revenues
• Table 3-8: United States Population and Age Statistics
• Figure 3-8: United States Population and Age Statistics
• Table 3-9: Increase in the Oldest U.S. Population
• Figure 3-9: Increase in the Oldest U.S. Population
• Figure 3-10: Distribution of Fatal Prescribing Errors
• Table 3-10: Select 2007 Safety Alerts for Drugs and Therapeutic Biological Products
• Table 3-11: Drug Interaction Information
• Figure 3-11: Timeline of U.S. Pharmacy Collaboration
• Table 3-12: States That Allow Collaboration Agreements betweenPharmacist and Physician
• Table 3-13: Pharmacists per Employment Category in Japan (2004)

Chapter Four: Pharmacist Impact on PharmaceuticalMarkets

• Table 4-1: Pharmacists Influence in Drug Selection and/or Drug TherapyAspect, 2006 and 2012
• Figure 4-1 : Pharmacists Influence in Drug Selection and/or Therapy Aspect, 2006 and 2012
• Table 4-2: Pharmacists Influence in the US Drug Market, InfluencingDrug Choice, 2006
• Figure 4-2: Pharmacists Influence in the US Drug Market, Influencing DrugChoice, 2006
• Figure 4-3: Drug Markets Most Influenced by Pharmacists by� Therapeutic Category, 2006
• Table 4-3: Pharmacists Influence in the US Drug Market, Influencing DrugDosage, Administration, and Other Therapy Aspect, 2006
• Figure 4-3: Pharmacists Influence in the US Drug Market,Influencing Drug Dosage, Administration, and Other Therapy Aspect, 2006

chapter Five: The Emerging Prescribing Pharmacist

• Table 5-1: States Most Likely to Allow Prescription, Those to Follow, and States Not Likely to Allow Independent Prescribing

 

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