N-benzylisatin sulfonamide analogues as potent caspase-3 inhibitors: synthesis, in vitro activity, and molecular modeling studies.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2005 Dec 1; 48(24):7637-47
Chu W W, Zhang J J, Zeng C C, Rothfuss J J, Tu Z Z, Chu Y Y, Reichert D DE, Welch M MJ, Mach R RH
Division of Radiological Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
A number of isatin sulfonamide analogues were prepared and their potencies for inhibiting caspase-1, -3, -6, -7, and -8 were evaluated in vitro. Several compounds displaying a nanomolar potency for inhibiting the executioner caspases, caspase-3 and caspase-7, were identified. These compounds were also observed to have a low potency for inhibiting the initiator caspases, caspase-1 and caspase-8, and caspase-6. Molecular modeling studies provided further insight into the interaction of this class of compounds with activated caspase-3. The results of the current study revealed a number of non-peptide-based caspase inhibitors that may be useful in assessing the role of inhibiting the executioner caspases in minimizing tissue damage in disease conditions characterized by unregulated apoptosis.